Terrorism and Technology Essay Example for Free

Terrorism and Technology Essay India and the United States, the world’s two largest democracies, are both vulnerable to terrorist attacks. As an Indian participant in the workshop said, â€Å"The most vulnerable states are those with open societies that tolerate dissent.† So far, India and the United States have faced rather different forms of terror attacks. Notwithstanding the terrorist threat, modern industrial societies have some offsetting advantages. Their global intelligence services and military presence, especially when they cooperate with one another, may keep the terror networks off balance, and may be able to damage some of them and interfere with their communications and money flows. Military action, or the threat of it, may discourage rogue states from supporting the terrorists. Nevertheless, highly efficient economies also acquire vulnerabilities and reduced resilience from the private sector’s reluctance to sacrifice efficiency to reduce catastrophic risks whose likelihood is difficult to estimated One area in which both India and the United States enjoy impressive capability is research and innovation. Through the application of available or new technologies, states can make targets less vulnerable, thus less attractive. They can limit the damage that may result from an attack, increase the speed of recovery, and provide forensic tools to identify the perpetrators. However, terrorist networks are led by well-educated and well-financed people who may also enjoy advanced technical skills. If supported by a government whose military establishment has developed weapons of mass destruction, these skills may be greatly amplified. Any technical strategy for responding to the threat of catastrophic terrorism must address this fact. †¢fissile nuclear materials, tactical nuclear weapons, and radiological materials †¢pathological organisms (human, plant, and animal) †¢military-type toxic chemical weapons †¢inflammable, toxic, and explosive chemicals and materials in industrial use †¢cyberattacks and electromagnetic pulse (EMP) attacks on electronic targets (telecoms, data, or command and control centers) †¢transportation systems used as delivery systems for weapons †¢explosives, either conventional or derived from fuel oil and nitrogen fertilizer (ammonium nitrate), for example Benefits- †¢revitalization of the public health service for serving the normal health needs of communities †¢technical capability to respond even faster and more effectively to natural biological threats such as Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS), West Nile virus, and monkey pox virus †¢reduction in the number of illnesses caused by infection or poisoning of the food supply †¢more reliable electric power and other services, especially in the face of hurricanes, floods, and earthquakes †¢further improvements in the safety standards of the chemical industry †¢reduced incidence of cyber attacks by hackers and financial systems made more secure against theft and malicious damage †¢more efficient and timely tracking of goods in transit and billing for their content †¢reduced risk to fire, police, and emergency health professionals MITIGATION: THE ROLE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Nuclear and Radiological Threats If terrorists with a minimal level of scientific knowledge can acquire enough highly enriched uranium (HEU), they may be able to assemble an inefficient but effective nuclear weapon for detonation in a major city. The countries are now cooperating in safeguarding fissile material and blending down stocks of HEU, but progress is far too slow. Even more dangerous is the possible availability to terrorists of finished nuclear weapons either stolen and sold from nuclear states or provided by rogue states capable of making them. The public must be educated on the nature of radiological threats, both from Radiation Dispersal Devices (dirty bombs) and from damaged nuclear electric power plants and radioactive waste storage. Public ignorance about radiation hazards may induce a level of panic much more destructive than the radiation from which people may be fleeing.. Biological Threats to People and Their Food Supply Research on pathogenesis of infectious agents, and particularly on means for early detection of the presence of such pathogens before their symptomatic appearance, is important. Nations will stockpile vaccines against known diseases, but the threat of genetic modification—while perhaps beyond the capability of most terrorists but not of rogue states—requires a vigorous research effort to find solutions for detection, evaluation, and response.  In the United States the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) provides a robust capability in epidemiology, but there is no equivalent epidemiological response capability for possible biological attacks on agriculture and farm animals. Thus, measures to protect the food supply, and to provide decontamination after an attack, must have high priority. Toxic Chemicals, Explosives, and Flammable Materials . Dangerous chemicals in transit should be tracked and identified electronically. To ensure that only first responders, and not terrorists, know what the tank cars contain, the rail cars should be equipped with encrypted electronic identification. Sensor networks are required to detect and characterize dangerous materials, particularly when they are airborne. Self-analyzing filter systems for modern office buildings whose windows cannot be opened can not only protect the inhabitants but also detect and report the first presence of materials (such as aerosols) that may be trapped in improved filters. An example of long-range, basic research that could be highly beneficial would be the discovery of olfactory biosensors than can reach dog levels of sensitivity, some 10,000 times that of humans. Communications and Information Systems In the United States the most urgent issue is to reconfigure first responder communications so that police, fire, and medical personnel can communicate with one another and with the emergency operations centers. Inability to do so greatly aggravated loss of life, especially among firefighters, in the World Trade Center attacks. The main worry about cyber attacks is the possibility of their use, perhaps with electromagnetic pulse devices as well, to amplify the destructive effect of a conventional physical or biological attack.13 Cyber security is one of the top priority areas for research investment because private industry was, before September 11, 2001, largely content with the level of computer and network security available to it. A quite inadequate level of sophisticated talent is devoted to the goal of fully secure operating systems and networks. Transportation and Borders Sensor networks for inspection of goods and passengers crossing the nation’s  borders will be a research priority. The primary technical challenge will not be the design of sensors themselves, although much progress is needed in this area, but in the systems engineering of the networks of sensors together with data fusion and decision support software. Biometrics for more secure identification of individuals shows promise, and systems superior to the driver’s licenses and passports used by most travelers are promising. The range of threats to the transportation networks of a modern state is very great, and careful systems analysis is essential to identifying the weak points and finding the most effective and economical means of protecting them. Cities and Fixed Infrastructure The Emergency Operations Centers (EOC) in many large U.S. cities are quite vulnerable, not only to a destructive physical attack but to more indirect attacks on their ability to access data and to communicate through a cyber attack or electromagnetic pulse attack. Remedying these vulnerabilities must have high urgency; in many cases the centers will have to be relocated. Tragically, the EOC in New York City was located in a known target, the World Trade Center. Much research is already under way to analyze the structural characteristics of high-rise buildings that may make them much more vulnerable than necessary. Without waiting for this research to result in revised building codes, the expert panel recommended immediate adoption and extension, where appropriate, of European standards for fire and blast, which were much improved following World War II. As already noted, air intakes for large buildings need to be less accessible and equipped with better air filters, perhaps with chem ical analysis sufficient to determine if a toxic material is present. Instrumentation to allow first responders to detect toxic and hazardous materials; special provisions for protecting harbors, bridges, dams, tunnels, and dikes; and protection against attacks on urban water supplies downstream from the treatment plant are all discussed in Making the Nation Safer. How much of the long term, imaginative research and development envisioned in Making the Nation Safer has been undertaken by the Department of Homeland Security (DHS)? Not enough. The Science and Technology Directorate of DHS does not have the scope of authority, nor the length of vision that the Academies’ study urged on Congress. Critics say that it has been difficult for DHS to sustain an  expert staff with low enough turn over to build and execute the needed technical strategies. Nor has the Homeland Security Institute been given the necessary scope of independent system-level review of the DHS technical priorities. SOCIETAL RESPONSES TO TERRORIST THREATS the public can also be an attack amplifier. The government faces a number of dilemmas, such as using a color-coded warning system to alert the public to the perceived likelihood of additional terrorist attacks. Some citizens feel that this system itself may needlessly amplify the threat, thus doing terrorists’ psychological job for them. An urgent issue to be addressed is for government to train and introduce to the public, well in advance of any attack, a number of trusted and knowledgeable people who are prepared to provide accurate and trustworthy information quickly and authoritatively. TECHNICAL STRATEGIES From the great variety of threats studied by the National Academies’ experts, several commonsense conclusions about technical strategy can be extracted: †¢repair the weakest links (single-point failures) in vulnerable systems and infrastructures †¢use defenses-in-depth (do not rely only on perimeter defenses or firewalls) †¢use â€Å"circuit breakers† to isolate and stabilize failing system elements †¢build security and flexibility into basic system designs where possible †¢design systems for use by typical first responders †¢Focus priority attention on the â€Å"system of systems† technical challenge to understand and remedy the inherent weaknesses in critical infrastructure that are inherent in their architecture. †¢Ensure that first responders, including technical teams from critical infrastructure service industries, are properly trained and equipped, and the targets themselves are designed to be more resilient in the face of disaster. †¢Emphasize the importance of flexibility and agility in responding to disasters that were not anticipated in the system design and personnel training. The last point is particularly important. Future attacks are likely to involve multiple complex systems. There are a number of dimensions to the systems engineering challenge of homeland security. The multiple critical industrial infrastructures are closely coupled. Almost all of the responses to terrorist threats require  the concerned action of national agencies, state and local authorities, private companies, and in many cases, friendly nations. The technologies used in counterterrorism will themselves be coupled, complex systems. An evident example is the notion of complex networks of sensors that are coupled to databases, within which the network output is fused with other information, and from which sensible and useable information for local officials in Emergency Operations Centers must be provided. Thus, setting priorities requires modeling and simulating attack and response, and â€Å"red teaming† to test the effectiveness of proposed solutions. Finally, there is a need to build up investments in the social sciences, which will be especially important in devising strategies for countering terrorism. Both the roots of terrorism and its consequences need to be better understood. Social science can also contribute to a sustainable effort, involving multiple levels of government, with minimal economic cost, and where the perceived conflict between security activities and protection of individual freedom can best be informed and adjudicated. A SUSTAINABLE STRATEGY FOR HOMELAND SECURITY Because major terrorist attacks against civil populations may be separated by considerable intervals of time, there is reason to be concerned that the public will lose interest in the threat, and that none of the organizational or investment needs will be satisfactorily met. For these reasons, the strategy for maximizing civil benefits deserves high-priority attention. There are many obvious examples of how counter terror research and development can create values appreciated by the public and of economic value to firms, such as creation of a more agile vaccine development and production capability, information and communications networks that are more resistant to cyber attack, energy systems more robust in the face of natural disasters and human error, security technologies that are more effective yet more unobtrusive and convenient for the public. Sustainability will be a challenge for those in political power in the United States, for they find themselves compelled to emphasize the public’s vulnerability (for example, with the color-coded alert system, which is largely successful in making the public nervous) and at the same time to emphasize that the government’s efforts â€Å"have the terrorists on the run.† Indeed, we can easily imagine that  terrorist organizations such as al Qaeda may deliberately wait long intervals between attacks to decrease the alertness of the target’s defenses. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS There are seven major points that I would conclude from this discussion. First, only a far-sighted foreign policy, addressing the roots of terrorism and denying terrorist ideologies a foothold in other societies, can make the United States and its allies safer in the long run. Second, weapons of mass destruction are potentially devastating, but the most probable threats will be fashioned from the economy itself, as was the case on September 11, 2001. Private property and commercial industry is most often the target of terrorist attacks, and may be providing the weapons for their own destruction. Thus, the federal government must devise both positive and negative incentives for private investments in hardening critical infrastructure and urban targets. Third, the protection of critical infrastructure must, to the extent possible, be accomplished through a civilian benefits maximization strategy. Fourth, reducing vulnerabilities in critical infrastructure is a highly complex systems problem; it requires a strategy tested by the most modern systems analytic approaches. Fifth, since most of the science and technology capability of market economy governments lies outside the security agencies, governments must be able to coordinate and fund a national science and technology strategy. Sixth, a degree of cooperation between industry, cities, and government unknown in prior experience is required. In particular, local authorities must have an effective voice in setting the technical agenda for equipment for which they are the customer. Finally, for the protection against terrorism to be sustainable, more than a civilian benefits maximization strategy is required. The negative effects on civil freedoms from increased authority in the central government must be resisted, since the threat of terrorist attack is indefinite and emergency measures may never be relaxed. Now, let us examine security. First, although science and technology will not solve all problems related to terrorism against the components making up a modern regional or national infrastructure, it can help in prevention, mitigation, and restoration if an attack or attacks are attempted or carried out. In other words, science and technology will help to reduce the threat of  terrorism, but it cannot eliminate it. Unfortunately, terrorism has become a fact of life. Whenever there are dissatisfied people who are willing to give up their own lives or do not value human life, it will be difficult to eliminate the threat of terrorist attacks. A specific point where science and technology can help is in the area of intelligence, by providing information about the potential for an act of terrorism to be conducted. For example, what is being done to sort through open-air communications—both e-mail and voice wireless—is rather startling both in quantity and in degree of soph istication. There are programs, such as Trailblazer at the National Security Agency, that look for keywords and matches. Some of the recent terrorism alerts have been based on information gathered through these programs. There is another aspect that inexorably links infrastructure and security. The more sophisticated, complicated, or technologically evolved the infrastructure, that is, the more fragile it is, the more difficult it is to secure against terrorism and the greater theneed for science and technology solutions. The latter was the particular challenge that we were confronted with at the National Academies in producing the report entitled Making the Nation Safer.50 What can and should be done incrementally as society becomes more and more complex, sophisticated, and interdependent? How do you establish layers of protection because of increased vulnerability? First, communication and coordination is required. When the September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks occurred, the New York City Resp onse Center was in the World Trade Center. So the ability of the fire and police departments within New York City to respond was hampered severely because there was no way to centralize and coordinate the actions of the first responders. The lesson to be learned is that redundant response centers are needed for just this sort of contingency. The lack of communication was another lesson coming from the World Trade Center disaster. There is a definite need to have common systems that will allow all parties to communicate seamlessly Regarding building structures, another lesson can be drawn from the attack on the Pentagon. The Pentagon was hit exactly at the point between a newly restored portion of the Pentagon and the old Pentagon. While there was damage to the newly restored section, there was no structural failure to that part of the building. The walls absorbed the energy of the crash. In contrast, the old Pentagon suffered severe damage. Its walls collapsed. Most of the loss of life was in the old part of the Pentagon. The lesson here is to incorporate blast-resistant designs and materials into high-profile buildings For cities, one of the areas that is most in need of immediate attention is the ability to respond to catastrophic events. There is a need for simulation models, improved communications, and associated training. There is also a need to conduct systems analyses of responses to events in both space and time. For transportation systems, there is an immediate need for intelligent â€Å"information agents† for cargo. These agents would include a combination of global positioning systems and sensors to detect intruders and, possibly, the presence of certain materials as well as shipping documents detailing the contents. Such agents would be installed on every freight car in a rail system, every container on a ship, and every container transported by truck. Thus, one could monitor at every point in time exactly where each container or rail car is, what it contains, its destination, and whether there has been any attempt to tamper with or enter it. The various pieces of the so-called intelligent agent exist today and have been used on a limited basis. Efforts are under way to marry these various components into the type of agent I have described. Cargo scanning technology is complementary to the intelligent agents. While cargo scanners do exist, there is a need to integrate various components into a â€Å"one-stop shop† to monitor for specific items or radioactivity. The scanning equipment should be located at the point of embarkation of the container to prevent lethal weapons from reaching their intended destination. What good would it be to identify a nuclear weapon in a container as you offload it in New York Harbor?53 Transportation technology needs to extend beyond the cargo. There is a compelling need to develop means of rapidly identifying people, checking them and their luggage. Although there are systems in place today, the sheer numbers of people and locations is daunting. The use of biometrics would greatly alleviate this problem, while increasing the confidence level of the security forces. Rapidly deployable barriers to keep underground structures and tunnels from being flooded are another need.

Foreshadowing in To Build a Fire :: London To Build a Fire Essays

Foreshadowing in To Build a Fire In the story "To Build a Fire" by Jack London, foreshadowing is often used. In this story foreshadowing is an effective way to build up a climax. The foreshadowing is both shown by the environment and things the characters say. An example of environmental foreshadowing was when it said, "Fifty degrees below zero stood for a bite of frost that hurt and that must be guarded against.... "Another example was when the man's "fire was blotted out." These examples show that the cold will be the man's doom, but foreshadow only by telling the necessary details. A major point of foreshadowing was what the oldtimer told the man. The oldtimer told the man that "no man must travel alone in the Klondike after fifty below." If the man would have listened, he could have survived. Because he didn't listen; he lost his life. In conclusion, if you read this story carefully you will pick up the small hints and know the outcome of the story. This also shows that foreshadowing can be direct statements or simple statements of fact. Self Confidence Once a man's self confidence is shaken, it becomes increasingly difficult to act rationally. If you are in a life or death situation, every decision you make stacks the odds either for or against you. Once you make a few bad decisions, you realize that your chances for survival are getting slimmer and slimmer. As this fact settles into your conscious mind, it produces panic. Panic is what happens when the brain can't handle the information it is given. Panic takes over rationality, and as a result, you do and say things that are uncharacteristic of you. Panic destroys your self confidence. In Jack London's short story "To Build a Fire" the reader watches a man's mental condition go from high to devastatingly low. At the first of the story, he is very self confident in his own abilities. This is evident by the way he keeps saying the he will be in camp by six. Also, when one suddenly becomes physically handicapped, and abilities that he depends on and previously took for granted are not available to him, he tends to act very insecurely and unstably.

Ecosystem lesson plan

Students will be introduced to two new and different ecosystems and all of the elements that are found inside the ecosystems. As a category, pupils will build a Venn Diagram placing the distinguishable differences between the two ecosystems every bit good as any similarities. LESSON OBJECTIVE: Students will larn how the universe contains different ecosystems that possess similar and different elements. Students will besides be exposed to how workss and animate beings rely on one another in order to properly map. Last, pupils will detect the intense competition some animate beings and workss face in certain ecosystems. Students will larn this stuff through the use of synergistic direction. First, the pupils will listen, deduce, and callback earlier, during, and after the two books are read. Then, pupils will join forces to make a in writing organiser in the signifier of a Venn Diagram to expose their findings. A formative appraisal will be conducted by simple observation while the Venn Diagram is constructed. I will do mental note of lending pupils and guarantee that all pupils have had an chance to lend to the diagram or to the conversation. Materials: Tropical Rain Forests ( True Books- Ecosystems ) by Darlene R. Stille, Mountains ( True Books-Ecosystems ) by Larry Brimner, chalkboard or whiteboard. Concept: Ecosystems, animate being and works relationships Vocabulary: ecosystem, system, community, population, home ground, nutrient concatenation, manufacturers, consumers, decomposers, nutrient concatenation, nutrient web ( FlashcardExchange, 2010 ) MOTIVATION/INTRODUCTION TO THE LESSON: Today ‘s motive is reading two books. Students will hold merely completed a desert terrarium the twenty-four hours before and are go oning a hebdomad of merriment with ecosystems by listening to the teacher read two colourful and descriptive books!STRATEGIES/ACTIVITIES/PROCEDURES:Measure 1. Students ‘ attending is gathered.Measure 2: Students gather in a general seating country or stay quiet at their desks.Measure 3: The instructor informs the pupils that they will be listening carefully to 2 books about ecosystems. Each book contains similarities and differences and their occupation is to listen carefully or take notes in order to happen interesting facts! Following, I introduce today ‘s subject: comparison ecosystems and all it ‘s dwellers.Measure 4: Uncover the first book: Tropical Rain Forests. I identify all of the print constructs so begin reading page one. I allow pupils to inquire inquiries and do notes after each page.Measure 5: Have a brief treatment about the tropical rain forest ecosystem. Students make notes about what their fellow schoolmates have noticed.Measure 6: Uncover the 2nd book: Mountains. Identify all of the print constructs and get down reading page one. Students have the chance and are encouraged to inquire inquiries and do notes after each page.Measure 7: Have a brief treatment about the mountain ecosystem. Students make notes about what their fellow schoolmates have noticed.Measure 8: I draw a Venn Diagram on the board and label the 3 subdivisions. I ask the pupils what a Venn Diagram is.Measure 9: Students take bends raising their custodies and coming to the board to put specific similarities and differences sing the ecosystems into the Venn Diagram.Measure 10: Students besides observe the works and carnal relationships and note them in the diagram.Measure 11: Appraisal is taking topographic point.Measure 12: I verbally review the Venn Diagram allowed for support.Closing : â€Å" Can you call some workss and animate beings that live in the tropical rain forest that could ne'er last in the mountains? Why is that so? † Students exchange replies with their desk spouse, come to a consensus and a few portion their response with the category. â€Å" How is competition for nutrient different between these two ecosystems? † Students think and respond. â€Å" Yesterday we created a desert planetarium to demo us what populating in that ecosystem would be like. Today we have experienced two new ecosystems: the mountains and the tropical rain forest. Tomorrow you will all see how black the affects of an oil spill can be on certain ecosystems and it ‘s dwellers. Keep in head all of the different ecosystems we have covered every bit good as what they have in common! † Alterations: All pupils have chances to inquire inquiries every bit good as discuss with a spouse. This should enable pupils that have a difficult clip hold oning the constructs to pass more clip on the specific country they are confused with. These pupils can talk one on one with their spouse and will hopefully derive a better apprehension of ecosystems. Second, 3 visuals are utilized in this exercising that should make repeat throughout the activity. I should hold a general thought of which pupils will get the hang this aim before the lesson begins. However, this peculiar lesson is an full class-interactive lesson. These pupils will non have alterations because it is imperative that they listen to the guided reading and take part in making the Venn Diagram.BeginningsBrimner, Larry. ( 2000 ) . Mountains ( True Books ) . Nutmeg state: Children ‘s Press.FlashcardExchange. ( 2001-2010 ) . 4th Grade Ecosystem Vocabulary. Retrieved from hypertext transfer protocol: //www.flashcarde xchange.com/flashcards/list/260902Stille, Darlene. ( 2000 ) .Tropical Rain Forests ( True Books ) . Nutmeg state: Children ‘s Press.Webb, Dr. Tim. ( 2007 ) . Curriculum Standards- TN Department of Education. Retrieved from hypertext transfer protocol: //www.state.tn.us/education/ci/sci/index.shtml

Power Struggles And Its Impact On Society Essay - 1200 Words

It is an unfortunate reality that not everyone in society is equal. This is due to the centuries of power struggles and certain dominant groups being the center of decision-making. These dominant groups are seen as privileged and everything in society is created to benefit said group. This makes the other groups oppressed in that in order to succeed as the privileged, they must attempt to use a system not created with them in mind. This is where equality comes in. It allows both groups to exist in the state however denies the boundaries that are still faced among oppressed groups. This shows the importance of equity. With it, exists a state that provides all needs necessary for everyone to succeed. Imagine going to a sporting event and watching the game over a fence. For every person there, one crate is provided for him or her to stand on to see above the fence. This is an example of equality because everyone is given the same amount of crates. Now, imagine some individuals still can not see even when standing on said crate and need an additional crate in order to be able to watch the game. This is an example of equity. Presented above is a very popular example of the difference between equality and equity. This paper will provide a brief explanation of both Equity and Equality and will further explain the challenges both face in the eyes of the state, as well as which one serves as more persuasive. To start, equality is the state of being equal, in that everyone isShow MoreRelated Max Weber on Society Essay870 Words   |  4 PagesMax Weber on Society Max Weber was one of the worlds greatest sociologists and wrote a lot about the capitalist world he lived in. He had a different conception of capitalist society than most of his contemporaries. He looked at capitalism from all the different aspects that the philosophy was made of. Some of these aspects are state power, authority, class inequality, imperialism, and bureaucracy. To understand how Weber thought one must look at each area separately then put them all togetherRead MoreWithin The World Of Sociology There Are Sociological Paradigms1196 Words   |  5 Pagesbasic understanding of how society functions, the role of sociology, and how different things affect social life. Social paradigms have the ability to impact social issues if they are used together in a way that allows them to work at a balance. The functional paradigm consists of different elements of society joining together to create one stable social unit (Colomy, 2013, p.33). In order to maintain stability within society, institutions are used to keep each part of society in balance. Due to theRead MoreSocial Attitudes Of Freedom And Control By George Orwell And Fritz Lang1681 Words   |  7 Pages both George Orwell and Fritz Lang explore issues of class struggle and the impact of technology on humanity through their medium of choice, expressing these serious concerns by forming a dystopic outlook of the future world. Lang’s science-fiction film Metropolis encapsulates the tensions of his wartime experience, and the political situation of the 1920s Weimer period in Germany, in which Lang tapped into the country’s power struggles, issues of poverty and conflict, as well as the clear fascinationRead MoreHunger Games Sociology Essay1098 Words   |  5 Pagesof Sociology because they display different soci etal rules and norms, the struggle for power, and the importance of the media. Although The Hunger Games is set in the future, societal norms, rules and views still exist just as they do in today’s society. Macrosociology studies the wide perspective of such social behaviors , clearly exhibited in Collins’ novel. For example, Gerontology is the study of growing older in society, which can be seen in the separation of age in the games. One boy and oneRead MoreRacism And Aversive Racism1618 Words   |  7 PagesThe term ‘aversive racism’ seeks to encompass the nuanced and profound experiences of prejudice faced by racialized peoples in societies whose values do not accommodate explicit discrimination based on race. This form of â€Å"subtle racism†, which in the words of Donald Glover in â€Å"Hold You Down†, you’d only understand through lived experience, is but one facet of a larger social problem: anti-black racism (Glover 2011). Personal understandings and experiences of aversive and explicit racism, detailedR ead MoreAnalysis Of Homer s The Odyssey1636 Words   |  7 PagesLiterature is one of the most powerful and revealing aspects of a society. In ancient Greek society, Homer’s The Odyssey provides a detailed insight into the values of this intricate culture. In particular, this epic discusses the ways in which the deathless gods influence the fates of the mortals. The overall impact of the gods’ power is the mental straining that emerges from the unrelenting conflict of man versus immortal. Likewise, the actions and misfortunes of others also catalyze this extremelyRead MorePrinciples Of Stratification On Society1547 Words   |  7 Pagespositional rank and their effects on individuals and society. Marx examines inequality in society, the relationship between the oppressor and the oppressed or the bourgeoisie and the proletariat, and methods of production and their effects on society. Domhoff examines the roles of corporate communities and the upper class and how they impact America. In â€Å"Some Principles of Stratification† Davis and Moore discuss stratification within society and how it impacts different social classes. The unequal distributionRead MoreLord Of The Flies : Representation Of Violence And War1611 Words   |  7 PagesLord Of The Flies: Representation Of Violence and War Dietrich Bonhoeffer, a German theologian, states that â€Å" The ultimate test of a moral society is the kind of world that it leaves to its children.† In William Golding’s Lord Of The Flies, societal topics run rampant throughout the text with Golding’s use of individuals to represent different aspects of society. Many writers view the Lord Of The Flies as an allegory, as societal topics such as politics make appearances throughout the text. In theRead MoreSociological Theories and Family Essay examples1662 Words   |  7 PagesSociological Theories and Family Sociological theories are important in understanding how the society operates. In addition, the theories help one understand how people in society relate with each other. The theories have helped understand various social issues in the society and made it easy to develop solutions to the problems. There are different theories that are used to explain how the society operates and how people interact with each other. Examples of the theories include functionalismRead MoreEssay Feminism and feminist social theory 1100 Words   |  5 Pagesdifferences between women. The areas under question include race, ethnicity, class, age intersect, and gender. In summation, the feminist theory involves the concern with giving women world over voice, and highlighting how they have contributed to the society (Mcgraw-hill.com). Women in the current century are a troubled lot this due to the various predicaments that they have to go through on a daily basis. The women and girls undergo brutality in various aspects: sex trafficking, mass rape, acid